Taw qhia rau polarization
Raws li lub teeb dhau los ntawm ib qho chaw nyob hauv qhov chaw, cov kev taw qhia thiab qhov loj ntawm qhov oscillating electric teb mus raws ib txoj kev dhau sijhawm. Ib qho hluav taws xob tom tshav dav hlau hluav taws xob tom ntawm cov ces kaum sib rau ib sab hauv kab sib tshooj (lub dav hlau txiav mus rau qhov kev taw qhia ua ntej) sawv cev rau lub teeb liab polarized teeb liab. Lub polarization yog txhais tau siv hluav taws xob teb vector raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub sijhawm, ua raws li tus qauv uas tau hla dhau ntawm ntu ntu. Kev ncau ntau hom tuaj yeem muab faib ua linear, elliptic lossis circular polarization, ntawm uas linear polarization yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws. Polarization ntawm txhua yam yog teeb meem hauv fiber ntau kis.
Txhua lub xov tooj cua sib txuas lus thiab fiber ntau ntawm cov kev ntsuas yog lub cuab yeej muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas kev cuam tshuam ntawm ob hom kev nthwv dej. Peb tsis tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv muab los ntawm kev cuam tshuam tshwj tsis yog tias qhov ntau ntawm cov kev sib txuas ua ke yuav ruaj khov nyob rau lub sijhawm, uas yog, lub teeb ntoj hluav taws xob nyob hauv tib lub xeev sib txawv. Hauv qhov no nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov optical fiber muaj peev xwm kis tau ruaj khov polarization xeev. Yog li txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, cov ntsia hlau hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem ua kom muaj polarization tau tsim.
PM fiber ntau yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov polarization ntawm lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub fiber ua kev tswj hwm (nyob ntawm lub nthwv dej) thiab nyob ntawm txhua yam dabtsi yog khoov ntawm lub fiber ntau nrog rau lub xeev kub. Cov pa hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb yog qhov xav tau kom ua tiav cov khoom xav tau, uas cuam tshuam los ntawm lub polarization ntawm lub teeb thaum nws dhau los ntawm cov fiber. Ntau lub tshuab, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob interferometers thiab cov ntsuas, cov lasers fiber ntau, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob electro-optical, kuj tseem muaj cov polarization-dependent poob uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub system. Qhov teeb meem no daws tau los ntawm kev siv cov ntsia hlau tshwj xeeb hu ua PM fibers.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm PM fiber
Yog tias qhov polarization ntawm lub teeb tawm mus rau hauv lub fiber yog coaxial nrog lub birefringence axis, nws yuav nyob li ntawd txawm tias lub fiber tau khoov. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm hom kev teeb tsa ua ke, cov ntsiab cai lub cev tom qab qhov tshwm sim no tuaj yeem to taub. Vim tias qhov muaj zog birefringence qhov tshwm sim, qhov kev faib tawm ntawm ob hom polarization yog qhov sib txawv, yog li cov rooj sib tham ntawm cov qauv koom nrog cuam tshuam nrog txav sai. Yog li no, ntev npaum li kev cuam tshuam nrog lub teeb muaj qhov sib tw sib xyaw ntawm plaub qhov sib xyaw (thiab nthwv tus naj npawb sib raug rau qhov sib txawv ntawm kev nthuav tawm tsis tu ncua ntawm ob hom), nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo rau ob hom. Yog tias qhov sib txawv txaus txaus, qhov cuam tshuam dav dav hauv lub teeb yuav hloov maj mam thiab maj mam kom ua tiav hom kev sib koom tes. Yog li txoj ntsiab cai ntawm PM fiber ua rau sib txawv txaus.
Ntawm cov kev siv tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob fiber ntau sib txuas lus ntev, PM fiber ntau yog siv los qhia qhov teeb pom kev los ntawm ib qhov chaw mus rau lwm qhov chaw mus rau hauv lub xeev kev ncau qaum. Yuav kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig no, yuav tsum muaj ob peb yam kev ua haujlwm. Cov ntsiab lus fiber ntau yuav tsum tau muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob hloov cov kab qeeb thiab axis txoj kab nrawm, uas cov zis polarization hauv lub xeev tsis tuaj yeem pom tau.
Rau tib qho laj thawj, lub teb hluav taws xob hauv cov hluav taws xob kho qhov muag yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab qhov sib txig sib luag thiab sib txig sib luag nrog lub ntsiab ntawm lub ntsej muag hluav taws xob (uas feem ntau yog cov qeeb qeeb hauv kev xyaum kev lag luam). Yog hais tias tus PM fiber kab cable yog ua los ntawm segmented cov xov paj sib txuas nrog fiber txuas lossis splicing pob qij txha, txuam kev sib hloov fiber ntau thiab chaw ua haujlwm yog qhov teeb meem zoo heev. Ib qho ntxiv, tus txuas yuav tsum tau nruab rau PM fiber ntau, thiab thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm lub txuas, qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv tsim tawm yuav tsis ua rau thaj chaw hluav taws xob ua haujlwm rau lub ntsuas hluav taws xob tsis raug siv rau ntawm kab ntsig.
Cov kev siv ntawm PM fiber
PM fibers siv nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas polarization drift tsis pub, xws li kev hloov kub. Piv txwv ntawm qhov no yog fiber cuam tshuam thiab qee cov lasers fiber ntau. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv cov xov paj no feem ntau yog lawv feem ntau xav tau kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv txav, uas tuaj yeem ua teeb meem ntau ntxiv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tshaj tawm poob yog siab tshaj qhov ntawm cov qauv kho qhov muag, thiab nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kom txhua hom optical fiber ntau hauv polarization khaws daim ntawv.
PM cov fibers tau siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb xws li fiber ntau cov ntawv thov, interferometry, thiab quantum qhov tseem ceeb faib. Nws kuj tseem siv nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas lus ntev ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob laser thiab cov hloov kho, uas yuav tsum tau muaj lub teeb pom kev zoo li cov tswv yim. Nws tsis tshua muaj siv rau kev xa xov mus ntev vim tias PM fiber ntau kim heev thiab muaj lub siab zoo dua li ib hom fiber ntau.
Yuav tsum muaj rau kev siv PM fiber ntau
Davhlau ya nyob twg: Thaum lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm PM fiber yog qhov kho qhov muag txuas, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txuas cov kev ntxhov siab txuas rau lub txuas, feem ntau los ntawm kev ntsuas tus yawm sij.
Splicing: Splicing PM fibers yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo. Thaum cov fiber ntau fused, X, Y, thiab cov axes yuav tsum tau muab tso rau qhov chaw kom zoo thiab kev sib hloov ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau muab tso rau kom zoo kom qhov kev ntxhov siab tuaj yeem raug tso ncaj qha.
Lwm qhov kev xav tau yog qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub fiber yuav tsum tau ua raws nraim nrog cov kev taw qhia ntawm transverse thawj axis ntawm fiber ntau qhov hla ntu.
